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History of United States antitrust law : ウィキペディア英語版
History of United States antitrust law

The history of United States antitrust law is generally taken to begin with the Sherman Antitrust Act 1890, although some form of policy to regulate competition in the market economy has existed throughout the common law's history. Although "trust" had a technical legal meaning, the word was commonly used to denote big business, especially a large, growing manufacturing conglomerate of the sort that suddenly emerged in great numbers in the 1880s and 1890s. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 began a shift towards federal rather than state regulation of big business.〔(Interstate Commerce Act ).〕 It was followed by the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, the Clayton Antitrust Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, the Robinson-Patman Act of 1936, and the Celler-Kefauver Act of 1950.
==Common law==

*Restraint of trade
*''Mogul Steamship Co Ltd v McGregor, Gow & Co'' () AC 25, a UK House of Lords case condoning cartels shortly after the Sherman Act 1890 was passed

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